安德立吉塔国家公园(Andringitra National Park)坐落在马达加斯加中南部山区,占地面积大约 31160 公顷。这里最出名的标志是海拔 2658 米的布比峰(Pic Boby),它是马达加斯加全境可以徒步登顶的最高点。相比于西部那些人头攒动的猴面包树大道,这里更像是为硬核户外爱好者准备的孤独星球。园内分布着极其罕见的花岗岩穹顶地貌,由于海拔跨度极大,你可以从东坡茂密的热带雨林一路走到西坡的高山草甸。到了晚上,高海拔营地的气温甚至会骤降到零下 8 摄氏度。想要征服这片荒野,你得先做好在颠簸的越野车里被甩得浑身酸痛的准备。
说实话,去安德立吉塔的路上你就得先吃点苦头。虽然公园距离最近的城镇安巴拉沃(Ambalavao)只有大概 47 公里,但这段土路绝对是自驾者的噩梦。如果没有一台性能过硬的 4x4 越野车,你可能连公园大门都摸不到。这段不到 50 公里的路程通常要开上 2 到 3 个小时,雨季时(11 月至次年 3 月)甚至可能因为路面塌陷而彻底无法通行。绝大多数徒步者会选择在安巴拉沃包车前往,目前往返包车的价格大约在 40 万到 60 万阿里亚里之间。建议出发前在镇上买足干粮,因为一旦进了山,除了向导帮你煮的米饭,你基本见不到任何补给站点。
很多人对马达加斯加的印象只有热带丛林,但安德立吉塔会给你一个冷冰冰的教训。如果你计划在营地过夜并登顶布比峰,羽绒服是保命级别的装备。即便在旱季的 6 月到 8 月,清晨四点出发登顶时,山顶的寒风能把裸露的皮肤吹得发紫。你至少需要准备一个舒适温标在 0 摄氏度以下的睡袋。向导和背夫虽然会负责扛帐篷和炊具,但你自己的登山鞋必须要有足够的抓地力,因为那些几亿年历史的花岗岩表面在晨露下滑得像镜子一样。这里的紫外线强度极高,即便体感很冷,不涂防晒霜的话,一天下来脱层皮是不夸张的事。
布比峰(Pic Boby)正式名称叫作 Imarivolanitra,在当地语里意思是“近天之地”。这条登顶路线通常需要 3 天 2 夜。第一天你会经过南莫利(Namoly)入口,在起伏的高原草甸上走 5 到 6 小时到达 Andriampotsy 营地。营地就在两座巨大的花岗岩石壁中间。第二天凌晨三点半,你会和向导一起摸黑出发,爬过那段著名的“外星景观”石阶。当你站在 2658 米的山顶时,云海就在脚下翻滚,甚至能远眺到几十公里外的伊萨卢高原。这种高度带来的视觉冲击感,在马达加斯加其他地方根本找不到。
如果你觉得多日露营太累,公园西侧的萨拉诺罗(Tsaranoro)河谷则提供了另一种极致。这里有着世界上最难攀爬的花岗岩垂直巨壁之一,很多顶尖攀岩者会专门飞过来挑战几百米的垂直悬崖。普通的徒步者可以选择“变色龙”路线(Le Chameleon),大概 4 到 6 个小时就能走完。站在变色龙岩石的背脊上,你可以俯瞰整个河谷整齐的梯田和点缀其间的土红色村庄。这里的生态非常独特,你会在这里遇到毛发比其他地方更厚、更密集的环尾狐猴(Ring-tailed Lemur),这是它们为了适应高海拔严寒进化出来的“加厚绒服”。
在安德立吉塔露营是一次彻底的数字排毒。这里完全没有手机信号,也没有任何电力供应。天黑之后,你唯一能做的就是躲在向导煮饭的火堆旁取暖。到了晚上九点,当你走出帐篷,会发现南半球的银河像是一条发亮的绸带横跨天空,清晰到令人窒息。虽然景致极美,但营地的寒冷也是实打实的,清晨起来你会发现帐篷外层结了一层白花花的薄霜。洗澡?想都别想,附近的溪水冰冷刺骨,建议带足湿纸巾解决基本的清洁问题。
这个国家公园不仅是徒步天堂,更是 13 种狐猴的避难所。除了常见的环尾狐猴,你还有机会在高海拔的灌木丛里看到金竹狐猴(Golden Bamboo Lemur)。这些小家伙并不怎么怕人,有时会在你休息吃午饭的时候,从旁边的矮树丛里探出头来观察你。要注意的是,绝对禁止投喂任何食物。这些高海拔原住民的食谱非常固定,人类的加工食品可能会要了它们的命。在这里拍照,长焦镜头是必须的,因为它们往往在极其陡峭的石缝间跳跃,动作快得像闪电一样。
是的,马达加斯加国家公园管理处(MNP)规定所有游客必须由持证向导带领进入,你可以在南莫利或莫拉拉诺的办公室现场雇佣。向导一天的费用大约在 5 万到 10 万阿里亚里之间,具体取决于你选择的路线长度。向导不仅负责引路,还会讲解当地的动植物知识以及各种神秘的禁忌(Fady)。
目前国际游客进入安德立吉塔国家公园的门票价格为每人每天 45000 阿里亚里。如果你计划进行多日徒步,第二天和之后的费用可能会有小幅折扣,但露营费需要额外支付,每人每晚通常在 5000 阿里亚里左右。请务必保留好收据,因为在园内换营地时可能会有工作人员抽查。
5 月到 10 月是这里的干季,也是徒步的黄金窗口期。其中 6 月至 8 月天气最晴朗,但也是最冷的时候,高海拔地区经常出现零下几度的低温。11 月之后降雨量猛增,山路会变得极度湿滑且容易发生滑坡,很多越野车队会拒绝在这个时间接单入山。
Jenni Dawson Andringitra National Park is a must visit if you enjoy hiking in nature. There are great places to camp by the natural waterfalls and pools to bathe in after your hike!
Karen Koh The trail was challenging but well worth it. We saw snakes, Charmeleon, birds, Lemurs, and variety of cactus.
Tsilavina Razafinirina One of the best hiking spot to go in Madagascar. We have done 3 days of trekking of about 35km long there and it was just amazing. There are landscapes of all kind, from amazing waterfalls, mind-blowing mountains, deep valley and incredible land of rock. You can climb the 2nd highest mountain of Madagascar which reach 2630 meters high and will get you right above the clouds. The climbing is not very hard so it doesn’t require an olympic skills, if you can stand a 4h hours walk with regular breaks it would be ok. As it is a national park, no human activities are allowed inside it which makes the place untouched. Trekking is the main activity available inside the park and there are 3 mains circuits that you could choose between. There is also tropical humid forest which hosts a lot of endemic animals as lemurs. At night, the sky is so clear that you could enjoy all the stars of Southern hemisphere. The local guides are very kindhearted and knowledgable about the park. I really enjoyed listening to them playing local music along the way.
Noémie R. Five stars National Park. Looks like Yosemite except you don't find tons of annoying tourists and the wildlife is beyond expectations. Don't forget to bring a lot of water during your hikes. Don't hesitate to share some food with your guide and porters. We had campfire dinner and shared marshmallows with them. It was my favorite moment of my entire stay. Also it's getting really cold at night if you stay at Andriampotsy base camp to reach the peak at sunrise. So bring warm clothes (even if it's Madagascar, it's cold). One last thing : if you have hiking gear you don't need, you can leave them to the guides and porters
Piotr Krawczyk Apparently one of the most beautiful national parks in Madagascar and not as crowded as the others. The route is not very difficult, but varied. However, it is worth preparing for the trip. In the park there are prepared places for camping with cottages where you can light fire. Beautiful views. Remember that it is at a high altitude and the temperatures at night are very low.