位于坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆市近郊的潘德野生动物保护区(Pande Game Reserve)是该国面积最小的游猎保护区,涵盖约 15.39 平方公里。它落在基隆多尼区(Kinondoni)与乌邦戈区(Ubungo)交界处,海拔约 80 至 186 米,距印度洋海岸约 16 公里,距市中心约 45 公里。
“潘德(Pande)”这一名称源自扎拉莫语 Mabwe Pande——意为“潘德的石头”,反映了过去该地曾有碎石加工活动。自 1952 年设为森林保护区起,1990 年升级为游猎保护区。
作为东非“东弧 / 海岸森林(Eastern Arc / Coastal Forest)”生物多样性热点的一部分,潘德保护区同时被鸟类保护组织归类为“重要鸟区(Important Bird Area)”。其生态价值在于既接近城市,又保留相对完整的自然植被与野生动植物。
保护区以海岸灌木林为主,林冠高度一般达 7 米,具有茂密木本植物和攀缘藤蔓,如 Combretum harrisii。少数高树如猴面包树(Adansonia digitata)与 Erythrina sacleuxii 点缀其间。土壤为粘土结合砂质,旱季地面更为稳固,利于步行探索。
这里的哺乳动物以小型种类为主:狒狒、绿猴、黑白疣猴、夜猴、灌木猪、丰水羚(bushbuck)、矮羚(dik‑dik)等。爬行和两栖动物丰富,包括森林眼镜蛇、绿曼巴、尼罗巨蜥、变色龙、沙蛇、盲蛇等。鸟类尤为精彩:约 20% 为东非海岸林区特有,约 47% 为近特有种,适合深入观鸟。
位于达累斯萨拉姆近郊的潘德保护区,方便游客短途步行探索多样的野生动物和自然景观,是城市周边亲近自然的理想选择。
保护区所在地区年降雨约 1200 毫米,短雨期为 10 月至 12 月,主雨期为 3 月至 5 月。由于地质和植被条件,旱季(大致 6 月至 10 月)为最佳探访时段。从达累斯萨拉姆市区可沿 Bagamoyo 公路经 Bunju B(约 8 公里)或 Morogoro 公路经 Mbezi kwa Yusuph(约 16 公里)抵达。游客建议携带望远镜、舒适鞋、防晒用品,并准备现金支付入园费。
尽管面积不大,潘德却肩负双重角色:一方面为都市人提供接近自然的绿色空间;另一方面其作为科研基地与生物多样性保护片区具备重要意义。保护区内部依然面临植被退化、过度砍伐、栖息地碎片化的威胁。游览时秉持负责任旅游原则:不干扰野生动物、不乱扔垃圾、尽量选择经认证的导游服务。
Murtaza Hassam Visited pande on a whim. Had a pleasant time. The mini game drive was an unexpected bonus. They have a cordoned off area with enclosure for lions and a cheetah and some free running deers and zebras. Entrance was a little steep. 12,500 per Tanzanian, 35,000 for a guide and 35,000 for the car. The best road to take is from bunju B (see google map pic). The other roads are barely passable. There is also a hiking and biking trail and a view point accessible by road.
Poonam Divecha It was worth the time and hike. The best part was the coolness of the trees while walking across the bush. Watching wild life animals from such a close encounter was quite fascinating. Overall a good hike with a group of friends.
Mwita Brian Reconnecting with nature..is Life..and Pande Game Reserve have Got u Covered!
Peter Mwita The place is cool and enjoyable. Had good moments with my family. The tour guider was well acquainted with the reserve. Satisfying explanation on questions raised. Good and delicious dinner. Thanks and regards to staffs and game rangers.
erick rocky Gate away wild area with 24/7 protection, vast of wildlife, tents for accommodation, natural air from native coastal plants, cycling venue, trails for nature walk safari. Such amazing game reserve in Dar. Accessible with all modes of transport.