位于坦桑尼亚南端 Mtwara 区、靠近莫桑比克边界的 姆纳西湾‑鲁伏马河口海洋公园(Mnazi Bay‑Ruvuma Estuary Marine Park,简称 MBREMP)是一个面积约 650 平方公里的海洋与沿岸综合保护区,其中约三分之一为陆地。
公园由北至 鲁伏马河口(Ruvuma Estuary)、南至 姆纳西湾(Mnazi Bay),包含海湾、半岛、三座小岛(Namponda、Membelwa/Mmongo、Kisiwa Kidogo)及众多小岩礁。海岸线类型多样,从岩石、沙滩、泥滩到盐沼、红树林林带、海草床和珊瑚礁结构。
生态上,这里是东非沿海为数不多同时拥有丰富珊瑚(250+ 硬珊瑚种)、鱼类(400+ 种)与棘皮动物(100+ 种)记录的区域之一。红树林区域为鱼虾提供繁殖与养育场所,海草床同样是诸多海洋生物的觅食区。
物种亮点包括绿海龟(Green Turtle)与玳瑁(Hawksbill Turtle)重要的产卵区,亦可见迁徙中的座头鲸(Humpback Whale)、印度‑太平洋座头海豚(Indo‑Pacific Humpback Dolphin)及数量可观的候鸟族群(如蟹鹬 Crab Plovers)。
在社区与资源背景方面,公园范围内包括约 11 个村庄、8 个子村庄,约 2–3 万居民依赖海洋资源为生。同时,天然气于 1982 年在 姆纳西湾被发现,2006 年投入运营,为 Mtwara 及 Lindi 地区供电。
公园拥有东非少见的珊瑚结构——外礁断崖、延伸的肋槽形态、通道及斑块珊瑚。水质清澈,海洋生物丰富,是潜水爱好者与初学者的理想体验地。
适逢干季(6 月–10 月)更利于海面观察与浮潜,您可能在船上或浅海区域目睹海龟出没、海豚戏水及候鸟掠食。
沿 Ruvula 海滩可享受宁静沙滩时光,红树林通道亦适合泛舟或观察湿地生态。
访问沿海村庄可深入了解当地族群的传统渔业、雕刻手艺与社区生活。此外,通过支持当地生态旅游项目,增强旅行的社会价值。
公园在管理与社区参与方面仍面临挑战,如渔业过度、破坏性捕鱼方法、资源依赖性高、装备与资金短缺。管理目标包括保护和恢复物种及生态过程、促进可持续利用、确保居住村庄参与管理并共享利益。
作为旅行者或旅行运营者,建议遵循以下做法:
姆纳西湾‑鲁伏马河口海洋公园是坦桑尼亚南部一处兼具珊瑚礁、红树林、海草床与社区文化特色的海洋保护区,适合寻求低人潮、高生态价值的海岸探险,同时提醒旅行者负责任地保护环境与尊重当地社区。
Eliezer Brown Mwakalapa Great scenery
Chris Gordon, Ghana A fantastic Marine park with corals, mangroves and seagrass. Very helpful and dedicated staff. Road there is not the best. If it is improved and tourist facilities added will bring in a lot of revenue.
Veronica Abel Mathias It is a nice place for learning, especially in the same field or interested in it. Booking for the guIdes should be done prior. Safety first for everyone, one should prepare safety gears to be able to get a closer use. Most safety guides are given at the plant sight
Mustapha Issa Experience the nature from trekking on sand dunes where sea turtle set their nesting site, to walk on finest East Africa pristine sand beach and finally get the chance to swim with fish include sharks above amazing protected colar gardens
D. Orio Place name is Mnazi Bay Ruvuma Estuary marine park-MBREMP. this marine park is administered by board of trustee working under ministry of livestock and fisheries. The office is about 50 km from Mtwara town centre, 30 to45 min drive. Place is accessible by water and road. From the place on can visit all resources and attractives found in the park from beach walk coral gardens during low water tides to highest sand dunes in east African coastal area. Beutful sand beaches and variety of makonde cultures including local foods