开罗卡拉法门漫步指南：穿过死人城入口探寻埃及活着的历史

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• Samir Ibrahim

  5

  评论于 2022-04-05

  195: Bab Al-Qarafa, Salah Salem Street, Al-Sayyida Aisha Impact number: 618 the site : It is currently located on Salah Salem Street, to the right of Bab Qaitbay, in Sayyida Aisha, in the Caliph section. Al-Bab belongs to the antiquities area east of Cairo Creator: Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi Date created : 572 AH (1176 AD) Door date: Bab al-Qarafa in Sayyida Aisha Square, “Monument No. 618”... Bab al-Qarafa is one of the outer gates of the old city of Cairo in its southern wall extending from the citadel to Fustat. It and the wall were built by Sultan al-Nasir Saladin Yusuf bin Ayyub at the hands of his minister, Bahaa al-Din Qaraqosh, in the year 572 AH / 1176 AD. To surround the four Islamic capitals of Egypt: Fustat, Al-Askar, Al-Qata’i and Cairo with a single wall in order to protect the country from Crusaders’ attacks. The Qarafa Gate was the main entrance for the people of Cairo to begin their visit to the Qarafa, individually and in groups. When it was Wednesday, the nineteenth of Dhul-Qa’dah in the year 845 AH - and the hadith of Al-Sakhawi in Tuhfat Al-Ahbab and Baghiyat Al-Talib - Sultan King Al-Zahir Abu Said Jaqmaq came down from the mountain castle to the Qarafa, looked at the Qarafa and disgraced it by pouring dirt on it until It became a heap and was trampled by passers-by, so he ordered that this door be permanently closed to protect those graves, so this door became open only on the day of the loader’s cycle in Rajab. The Qarafa Gate remained in use until the advent of the French campaign, and due to the French’s control over the city following the Second Cairo Revolution, the opening of the door was closed with construction. Regarding this, Al-Jabarti mentions, in his manifestation of sanctification, the demise of the Franciscan state in the events of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah in the year 1215 AH/1801 AD (in which demolition and devastation continued, the changes of monuments and the diversification of grievances...they demolished the buildings of Bab al-Qarafa, its schools and mosques, and blocked the door). Over time, the Qarafa Gate was neglected, its buildings were demolished, and then houses were built adjacent to it and above it until it completely disappeared under the dust, after which the gate was considered one of the vanished archaeological structures. A century and a half later, in the year 1943 AD, while the late engineer Muhammad Abbas Badr, former director of the Engineering Department at the Islamic Antiquities Authority, was carrying out the restoration process for the Sultan Qaytbay Gate, which is about 30 meters away from the Qarafa Gate, a wall was found adjacent to this door on the northern side, and it contained a slate similar to the slate on the wall. Saladin at the Minister's Gate, Along the first Mazghalah on the southern side of Bab Qaitbay, a second Mazghalah similar to the first was found, which confirmed the presence of part of the Salah al-Din Wall in this area. As the exploration continued at this site, a stone arch appeared, blocked by recent buildings connected to it from above, with the remains of a stone dome resting at one end on some cymbals for a vertical arch on the wall of the wall. After removing the dust and removing the building blocking the arch, which was erected by the French in 1801 AD, “Bab al-Qarafa” appeared, which was distorted by time and many of its archaeological features were lost... 1 Al-Maqrizi continues in the plans that the area confined between the shrine of Imam Al-Shafi’i and the foot of Mount Mokattam did not contain cemeteries until after King Al-Kamil Al-Ayyubid buried his son in the year 580 AH. (1184 AD) next to the shrine of Imam al-Shafi’i. He built the large dome over the shrine, so people moved their buildings from the Greater Qarafa to there and built tombs for themselves in it, known as the Lesser Qarafa. During the era of Al-Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun, the Mamluk princes built tombs for themselves between the Dome of Imam Al-Shafi’i and Bab Al-Qarafa... until the buildings became connected from Birkat Al-Habash in the south to Bab Al-Qarafa in the north. At the beginning of the fourth century AH, there was an urban neighborhood that derived its name from Bani Qarafa, one of the branches of the Maafer tribe. To this tribe are attributed the collection of Cairo's cemeteries, which became known as Al-Qarafa. As for Bab al-Qarafa, some parts of it still remain, and it is currently located on Salah Salem Street, to the right of Bab Qaitbay, in Sayyida Aisha, in the Caliph section. 2 Architectural description: The vaulted passage is all that remains of the Bab al-Qarafa building; It opens at the height of the Cairo wall. The current gate opening does not include any towers. The corridor is four and a half meters wide. The corridor is covered by a longitudinal, pointed vault, and contains the remains of two spherical triangles. The interior façade is crowned by a pointed arch with a beveled façade. Sources : 1: Al-Sakhawi in Tuhfat Al-Ahbab and Baghiyat Al-Talaba - Al-Jabarti in the Manifestation of Sanctification with the Demise of the Franciscan State - Abu Al-Ala Khalil, Egyptian historian. 2: Al-Maqrizi’s plans, vol. 2, pp. 443 - p. 444. Jomard, François: Description of the City of Cairo, p. 224. - Farouk Askar, Cairo City Guide, Part Two, a research project submitted to the Golden Network website, Abu Dhabi: September 2002, p.

• Yasser Al attar

  5

  评论于 2020-03-15

  It means the door of the cemeteries, the place of which was chosen next to the city of Fustat, the first Islamic capital in Egypt, as a cemetery for Muslims. This area continued as a cemetery for Muslims, but it is also mentioned historically that the Khan al-Khalili area was in the past the cemetery of the Fatimids in Egypt before the Mamluk state came, and it was converted into shops by Prince Khalil al-Sharkisi, of Palestinian origins. .

• Rabab Rezk

  4

  评论于 2020-03-09

  The street leading to Imam Al-Shafi’i is full of treasures of Islamic antiquities with a great history in different periods of Egypt’s rule.

• Mohamed Elafify

  5

  评论于 2020-03-01

  Al-Qarafa (which means cemetery in Egypt) is often referred to today as the area located in the Egyptian capital, Cairo, which extended in area below Mokattam and was inhabited by simple people.[1][2] The cemetery was named “Qarafa” after a tribe of Maghafir called “Bani Qarafa.” There were two graves in Cairo, one of them on the roof of Mokattam and it was called “Al-Qarafa Al-Sughra” and it contained the tomb of Imam Al-Shafi’i, and the other east of Fustat next to the residences was called “Al-Qarafa Al-Kubra”, and it contained the burials of the dead Muslims since the opening of Egypt. The Arabs did not have a cemetery except the one located in the city of Fustat, as Al-Maqrizi mentioned in his plans.

• Tamer Gomaa

  5

  评论于 2019-03-12

  The archaeological researcher, Abu Al-Ala Khalil, who specializes in Islamic antiquities, revealed the story of Bab Al-Qarafa in Sayyida Aisha Square, artifact No. 618. It is one of the gates of the old outer city of Cairo in its southern wall extending from the citadel to Fustat. It and the wall were built by Sultan Al-Nasir Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi at the hands of his minister, Bahaa al-Din Qaraqoush, in the year 572 AH / 1176 AD. He continued: He did this to surround the four Islamic capitals of Egypt, Al-Fustat, Al-Askar, Al-Qata’i, and Cairo, with a single wall in order to protect the country from Crusaders’ attacks. Bab Al-Qarafa was the main entrance for the people of Cairo to begin their visit to Al-Qarafa, individually and in groups. He pointed out that the Parting Gate remained in use until the advent of the French campaign, and to tighten French control over the city after the Second Cairo Revolution, the opening of the door was closed with construction. Over time, the Qarafa Gate was neglected and its buildings were demolished, then houses were built adjacent to it and above it until it completely disappeared under the dust and then returned. The door is one of the vanished archaeological structures. He said: After a century and a half, in the year 1943 AD, while the late engineer Muhammad Abbas Badr, former director of the Engineering Department of the Islamic Antiquities Authority, was carrying out the restoration process for the Sultan Qaytbay Gate, which is about 30 meters away from the Qarafa Gate, a wall was found adjacent to this door from the northern side, and it contained a similar slate. The shrines located in the Salah al-Din Wall in Bab al-Wazir. An extension of the first Mazghalla from the southern side of Bab Qaitbay was also found on a second Mazghalah similar to the first Mazghalla, which confirmed the presence of part of the Salah al-Din Wall in this area. As exploration continued at this site, a blocked stone arch appeared with new buildings connected to it from the top of the remains of a stone dome resting on it. At one end there is some cymbal to hold it vertically on the wall of the fence. He added: After removing the dust and removing the building blocking the arch, which was erected by the French in 1801 AD, “Bab al-Qarafa” appeared, which was distorted by time and many of its archaeological features were lost.